Andrés Bolognesi

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Bolognesi and the second or maternal family name is Campanella.
Andrés Bolognesi Campanella
Born
Andrea Bolognesi

c. 1775
Genoa, Republic of Genoa
DiedAugust 27, 1834(1834-08-27) (aged 58–59)
Arequipa, Peru
OccupationsMusician, educator, composer
SpouseJuana de Cervantes y Pacheco
Children7, including Francisco and Mariano

Andrés Bolognesi Campanella[1] (born Andrea Bolognesi;[a] c. 1775 — August 27, 1834) was an Italian–Peruvian musician, educator, and composer. He excelled as a music choirmaster, cellist, organist, orchestra and choir director.

Biography

Andrea Bolognesi was born in Genoa, then part of the Republic of Genoa, to Giuseppe Bolognesi and Benedetta Campanella. He later moved to Portugal, working as choirmaster of the Cathedral of Saint Mary Major and also as a violoncello teacher for João, Duke of Braganza.[3][4][5] He moved to Spanish America, where he Hispanicised his name to Andrés Boloñesi, and signed his name that way from then on, as evidenced in all surviving documents bearing his signature. He also baptised his children with this form of his surname, although they later officially reverted to the original Italian spelling.[2]

He worked as a concert performer in Santiago de Chile, where his talent was highly celebrated. One of his admirers was Mateo de Toro Zambrano, Count of La Conquista, Royal Governor of Chile (1810) and President of the First National Government Junta (1810-1811).[b][2][7] With a recommendation from the Count of Buenos Aires, Viceroy of the Río de la Plata, he moved to Lima, then the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru, at the beginning of 1807. His prestige led to his appointment as choirmaster of music at the Cathedral of Lima on September 16 of that year, with a yearly salary of 600 pesos.[4]

In Lima, he took great care in his work, noticeably improving the services. He then assembled and organized Lima's first opera company, with local and Italian artists, with which he held a season in 1812 in which he presented Cimarosa's Il matrimonio segreto, and other operas that were met with public acclaim. On December 27, 1816, he gave a musical performance during the consecration of the bishop of Cuenca, Ignacio Cortázar.[3][4]

On June 13, 1814, he married Juana de Cervantes y Pacheco in Lima's San Sebastián Parish. Cervantes was originally from Arequipa, as was her father, merchant Gerónimo Cervantes.[6][8] He had already had a natural daughter with her, Margarita, whom he legitimised, later having six more children: Francisco (b. 1816), Rosa (b. 1818), Manuela (b. 1819; died at birth), José de las Nieves (b. 1821), Juana Manuela (b. 1824) and Mariano (b. 1826). The latter two were born in Arequipa.[6][9]

On July 15, 1921, he was one of the signatories of the Peruvian declaration of independence.[9] He later conducted the choir and musicians who accompanied the Mass and Te Deum ceremonies commemorating the proclamation of Peru's Independence on July 28 of the same year. However, this support for the independence cause appears to have been less than sincere, as the following year, during the government of the Supreme Governing Junta, he was imprisoned, presumably for political reasons. In other words, for sympathizing with the royalists.[9]

It is possible that, due to the complicated political situation in Lima, Andrés decided to move to Arequipa with his family, since southern Peru was still under Spanish rule. Apparently, he wished to be in closer contact with the viceregal authorities. His wife and children were the first to leave, in late 1822 or early 1823. Shortly after the family's arrival in Arequipa in March, José, their youngest son, died at just two years old. In June 1823, Andrés, now a free man, set out for Arequipa. He had previously obtained a four to six month leave of absence with pay from his job at the Cathedral of Lima, under the pretext that his wife was ill.[10][11]

Bolognesi and his family remained in Arequipa for several years. His two youngest children, Juana Manuela and Mariano, were born there. In 1830, he returned to Lima, where he was warmly welcomed. However, he moved back to Arequipa in 1833. Having abandoned music, he dedicated himself to the coca and coca leaf trade, forming a partnership with Pedro and Antonio Gastiaburú, José Ruesta, and Rafael Helmes. This activity required him to make long and arduous journeys to the jungles of the Department of Cusco, where he contracted an illness. His frail constitution could not withstand the disease, and he died in Arequipa on August 27, 1834.[10][12][13]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Also written as "Boloñesi" in Peru.[2]
  2. ^ This information was collected from the file of the trial he had with José González y Fuente, IV Count of Villar de Fuente and Fuente González, which is kept in the archbishopric archive of Lima.[2][6]

References

  1. ^ Rodríguez Pajares, Carlos Elías (2022-11-04). "206° aniversario del natalicio del coronel Francisco Bolognesi y Día del Soldado del Ejército del Perú". Escuela Superior Conjunta de las Fuerzas Armadas.
  2. ^ a b c d Pons Muzzo 2017, p. 39
  3. ^ a b Tauro del Pino, Alberto (2001). Enciclopedia ilustrada del Perú: BEI-CAN (in Spanish). Lima: Empresa Editora El Comercio S. A. p. 377. ISBN 9972401499.
  4. ^ a b c Velásquez Silva 2015, p. 29
  5. ^ Basadre 2005, p. 80
  6. ^ a b c Velásquez Silva 2015, p. 30
  7. ^ "Bolognesi Operático". Caretas. No. 2286. 2013-06-06. Archived from the original on 2015-06-10.
  8. ^ Pons Muzzo 2017, p. 40
  9. ^ a b c Pons Muzzo 2017, p. 42
  10. ^ a b Pons Muzzo 2017, p. 43
  11. ^ Velásquez Silva 2015, p. 30–31
  12. ^ Velásquez Silva 2015, p. 31
  13. ^ Congrains, Eduardo (1973). Batalla de Arica (primera parte) (in Spanish). Vol. 5 (1st ed.). Lima: Editorial ECOMA S.A. [Biblioteca Histórica Ecoma]. pp. 33–34.

Bibliography

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