Anatoly Sharpenak
Anatoly E. Sharpenak | |
|---|---|
| Born | Анатолий Эрнестович Шарпенак 1895 Moscow, Russian Empire |
| Died | 1969 (aged 73–74) Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Known for | Work on dental caries and other aspects of dentistry |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Biochemistry |
Anatoly Ernestovich Sharpenak (Russian: Анатолий Эрнестович Шарпенак; 1895 – 1969) was a Russian biochemist.
Biography
In 1939 Sharpenak organized a biochemical department at the Moscow Stomatological Institute (now Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry). He was the chair of the department[1] until 1969.
While heading the department at the Moscow Stomatological Institute, he also held the following position:
- From 1945 to 1969, Head of the Laboratory of Protein Metabolism Institute of Nutrition, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences[2] (now the Laboratory of metabolism and energy of the Federal government agency "Scientific Research Institute of Nutrition,[3] Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.
Scientific activities
Employee of the Institute, Doctor A.E. Sharpenak, studies the work of a blood enzyme on himself, depending on the diet.
— Y. S. Przheborovsky, Progress of Chemistry during World War II. Article I. Chemistry in Russia during the period from 1918 - 1921, The Red New Era (Kranaya Nov'). -1922. -N 1. -C. 301-309[4]
While working at the Institute of Nutrition, Sharpenak, who studied protein metabolism, has contributed to the study of some amino acids and their optimum balance.[5][6]
Sharpenak pointed out that the diet should take into account not only the total protein content, but also the content of individual amino acids. The effect of protein quality of the diet on the body depends not only on the absolute content of individual amino acids in the diet, but also on the balance between them.[7]
Sharpenak's theory of dental caries
In 1949, after numerous experiments, Sharpenak proposed that dental caries was due to insufficient supply in the organs and tissues protein of B vitamins, and an excess of carbohydrates.[8]
Publications
- Sharpenak, A. E. (1966). Organic chemistry: a textbook for students of medical and dental institutions (2nd ed.). Moscow.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Sharpenak, A. E.; Kosenko, S. A. (1965). Workshop on organic chemistry textbook for medical students. Moscow.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Sharpenak, A. E. (December 1972). "Prophylaxis of dental caries". Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac (in French). 73 (8): 643–654. PMID 4514930.
- Sharpenak, A. E.; Bobyleva, V. R.; Gorozhankina, L. A.; Komnova, Z. D. (July–August 1971). "The role of protein and lysine in preventing dental caries". Vopr Pitan (in Russian). 30 (4): 3–7. PMID 5141599.
- Sharpenak, A. E. (December 1967). "The etiology and prevention of dental caries". N Y State Dent J. 33 (10): 592–600. PMID 5234447.
- Sharpenak, A. E. (November–December 1964). "The problem of dental caries prevention". Vopr Med Khim. 10: 563–575. PMID 14335702.
- Sharpenak, A. E.; Bobyleva, V. R.; Gorozhankina, L. A. (March–April 1964). "Role of protein, lysine, certain mineral substances and vitamins A and D in prevention of dental caries". Fed Proc Transl Suppl. 23: 423–426. PMID 14145693.
- Sharpenak, A. E.; Shishova, O. A.; Gorozhankina, L. A. (June 1959). "Effect of ionizing radiations in animals fed food containing various levels of histidine". Med Radiol (Mosk). 4 (6): 37–41. PMID 13673816.
- Sharpenak, A. E. (January–February 1959). "Quantitative human requirement for proteins and individual amino acids". Vopr Pitan. 18 (1): 73–83. PMID 13648245.
- Sharpenak, A. E. (November–December 1957). "Human requirement for individual amino acids". Vopr Pitan. 16 (6): 9–17. PMID 13544198.
- Sharpenak, A. E. (September–October 1955). "Material for quantitative calculation of amino acid content of proteins in nutrition in normal and pathological conditions". Vopr Pitan. 14 (5): 48–53. PMID 13299891.
References
- ^ "Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет". Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- ^ "Лаборатория обмена веществ и энергии". Archived from the original on 17 October 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- ^ "ФГБУН "ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии"". www.ion.ru. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- ^ "SovLit - СовЛит: Пржеборовский Я. Успехи химии за время мировой войны: Статья I: Химия в России за время с 1918 - 1921 г.г." www.ruthenia.ru.
- ^ "Можно считать, что все основные достижения советской науки о питании неразрывно связаны с деятельностью коллектива ученых Института питания, возглавляемого в то время О. П. Молчановой. Главная заслуга Института питания состоит в том, что был накоплен огромный экспериментальный материал, позволивший обосновать и определить реальную возможность разработки принципов сбалансированного питания, а также обосновать оптимальные физиологические нормы питания соответственно возрасту и характеру трудовой деятельности. Особенностью рекомендаций по нормированию питания, разрабатывавшихся под руководством О. П. Молчановой, являлось то, что они всегда основывались на тщательном изучении фактического питания и инструментального определения величин энергетических затрат". www.urologi.ru.
- ^ "Островская И.Г., Жилкина О.Е. Шарпенак Анатолий Эрнестович – создатель концепции рационального питания в годы Великой Отечественной войны (1941-45 г.г.) (Zhilina, O.E. "Sharpenak - creator of the rational nutrition concept during world war II"). 20-й межвузовский симпозиум "Актуальные Проблемы Хирургии"".
- ^ "Беременность". www.blackpantera.ru.
- ^ "Вавилова Т.П., Островская И.Г. История формирования курса стоматологической биохимии. История стоматологии. 1-я Всероссийская конференция. Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет. - 2007" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
Further reading
- In English
- Fitzpatrick, W. H. (1963). Soviet research in nutrition. Monographs in Soviet medical sciences. Vol. 4. Institute of Contemporary Russian Studies, Fordham University.
- Schatz, A.; Martin, J. J.; Schatz, V. (December 1967). "The implications of Soviet research on caries. An introduction to the work of Sharpenak". N Y State Dent J. 33 (10): 587–591. PMID 5234446.
- Rimington, C. (July 1936). "The Chemistry of the Proteins and Amino Acids". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 5: 117–158. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.05.070136.001001.
- In Russian
- Выдающиеся ученые России. Шарпенак Анатолий Эрнестович (1895-1969) [Outstanding Scientists of Russia. Sharpenak Ernestovich Anatoly (1895-1969)]. Stomfak.ru - Стоматологический информационный портал [Stomfak.ru - Dental Information Portal] (in Russian). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- Памяти Анатолия Эрнестовича Шарпенака [In memory of Anatolii Ernestovich Sharpenaka]. Вопросы питания [Nutrition] (in Russian). 28 (2): 93. March–April 1969.
- Шарпенак Анатолий Эрнестович [Sharpenak Anatoly Ernestovich]. Encyclopedia. Physicians. История медицины [History of Medicine] (in Russian). Department of the History of Medicine, Moscow State Medical and Dental University.
External links
- Site of Biological Chemistry Department, Moscow State Medical and Dental University. Сайт кафедры биологической химии Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет|Московского государственного медико-стоматологического университета
- Site of the Energy Metabolism Laboratory of the Institute of Nutrition. Сайт лаборатории обмена веществ и энергии Института питания РАМН
- Site of the City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin. Сайт Городской клинической больницы имени С. П. Боткина.