Ammonium iodide

Ammonium iodide
Identifiers
CAS Number	12027-06-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23785 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.031.548
PubChem CID	25487;
UNII	OZ8F027LDH ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID60894063 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/HI.H3N/h1H;1H3 Key: UKFWSNCTAHXBQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/HI.H3N/h1H;1H3 Key: UKFWSNCTAHXBQN-UHFFFAOYAU;
	SMILES [I-].[NH4+];
Properties
Chemical formula	NH4I
Molar mass	144.94 g/mol
Appearance	White crystalline powder
Density	2.51 g/cm3
Melting point	551 °C (1,024 °F; 824 K) (sublimes)
Boiling point	235 °C (455 °F; 508 K) (in vacuum)
Solubility in water	155 g/100 mL (0 °C) ; 172 g/100 mL (20 °C) ; 250 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−66.0×10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Ammonium fluoride; Ammonium chloride; Ammonium bromide
Other cations	Sodium iodide; Potassium iodide; Phosphonium iodide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Ammonium iodide is the inorganic compound with the formula NH₄I. A white solid. It is an ionic compound, although impure samples appear yellow. This salt consists of ammonium cation and an iodide anion.^[1] It can be prepared by the action of hydroiodic acid on ammonia. It is easily soluble in water, from which it crystallizes in cubes. It is also soluble in ethanol. Ammonium iodide in aqueous solutions are observed as acidic and display elevated vapor pressures at high temperatures.^[2]

Preparation

Ammonium iodide can be made in lab by treating ammonia with hydroiodic acid:

NH₃ + HI → NH₄I

Uses

Ammonium iodide is used as dietary supplement to treat iodine deficiency.^[3]

Properties and reactions

Vinyl sulfones have been prepared using ammonium iodide.^[4]

In green chemistry, ammonium iodide and an oxidant (e.g., H₂O₂) cleanly iodinate ketones and aromatic compounds.^[5]

References

^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. Inorganic Chemistry Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
^ Kirk-Othmer, ed. (2001-01-26). Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (1 ed.). Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0113131523051920.a01.pub2. ISBN 978-0-471-48494-3.
^ "Ammonium Iodide: Benefits, Risks, and Safety in Dietary Supplements". www.digicomply.com. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
^ Gao, Xiaofang; Pan, Xiaojun; Gao, Jian; Huang, Huawen; Yuan, Gaoqing; Li, Yingwei (2015). "Ammonium iodide-induced sulfonylation of alkenes with DMSO and water toward the synthesis of vinyl methyl sulfones". Chemical Communications. 51 (1): 210–212. doi:10.1039/C4CC07606K. PMID 25406694.
^ Kulkarni, Pramod; Kondhare, Dasharath; Varala, Ravi; Zubaidha, Pudukulathan (2013). "Cyclization of 2′-hydroxychalcones to flavones using ammonium iodide as an iodine source: An eco-friendly approach". Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society. 78 (7): 909–916. doi:10.2298/jsc120901119k. ISSN 0352-5139.

[Holleman-1] Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. Inorganic Chemistry Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

[2] Kirk-Othmer, ed. (2001-01-26). Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (1 ed.). Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0113131523051920.a01.pub2. ISBN 978-0-471-48494-3.

[:1-3] "Ammonium Iodide: Benefits, Risks, and Safety in Dietary Supplements". www.digicomply.com. Retrieved 2023-11-21.

[:2-4] Gao, Xiaofang; Pan, Xiaojun; Gao, Jian; Huang, Huawen; Yuan, Gaoqing; Li, Yingwei (2015). "Ammonium iodide-induced sulfonylation of alkenes with DMSO and water toward the synthesis of vinyl methyl sulfones". Chemical Communications. 51 (1): 210–212. doi:10.1039/C4CC07606K. PMID 25406694.

[:3-5] Kulkarni, Pramod; Kondhare, Dasharath; Varala, Ravi; Zubaidha, Pudukulathan (2013). "Cyclization of 2′-hydroxychalcones to flavones using ammonium iodide as an iodine source: An eco-friendly approach". Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society. 78 (7): 909–916. doi:10.2298/jsc120901119k. ISSN 0352-5139.

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