Agaricus crocodilinus

Agaricus crocodilinus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Agaricaceae
Genus: Agaricus
Species:
A. crocodilinus
Binomial name
Agaricus crocodilinus
Murrill
Synonyms
  • Agaricus macrosporus
  • Agaricus urinescens
Agaricus crocodilinus
Mycological characteristics
Gills on hymenium
Cap is convex
Hymenium is free
Stipe has a ring
Spore print is brown
Edibility is edible

Agaricus crocodilinus, commonly known as the crocodile agaricus[1] or macro mushroom,[2] is a species of mushroom in the family Agaricaceae.

Taxonomy

Agaricus crocodilinus was first described by William Murrill in 1912. The specific epithet is in reference to its warty surface, reminiscent of a crocodile's skin.[3]

Description

The cap starts out round, before becoming broadly convex. It is 5–12 centimetres (2–4+12 in) across when young, but can reach 20–40 cm (8–15+12 in). The stipe is 6–20 cm (2+147+34 in) long and 2–4 cm (341+12 in) wide, with a ring. The gills are free, starting out tannish and later becoming reddish to blackish brown.[1]

Similar species

It can sometimes be confused with Agaricus arvensis and the poisonous A. xanthodermus.[2]

Habitat and ecology

Agaricus crocodilinus often grows in prairies and pastures with a lot of grass.[1] It is saprophytic.[3]

Uses

Agaricus crocodilinus is considered edible and highly regarded,[1] but often contains maggots (even when young) and can be confused with at least one poisonous species.[2] It has also been known to accumulate the toxic chemical cadmium, even in non-polluted areas.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Siegel, Noah; Schwartz, Christian (September 1, 2024). Mushrooms of Cascadia: A Comprehensive Guide to Fungi of the Pacific Northwest. Humboldt County, California: Backcountry Press. p. 86. ISBN 9781941624197.
  2. ^ a b c "Macro Mushroom". Wild Food UK. 2017-06-27. Retrieved 2025-08-19.
  3. ^ a b "Agaricus crocodilinus (MushroomExpert.Com)". www.mushroomexpert.com. Retrieved 2025-08-18.
  4. ^ Sácký, Jan; Chaloupecká, Anna; Šantrůček, Jiří; Kaňa, Antonín; Leonhardt, Tereza; Borovička, Jan; Kotrba, Pavel (2025-07-18). "Identification of two metallothioneins in Agaricus crocodilinus reveals gene duplication and domain expansion, a pattern conserved across fungal species". Biometals. doi:10.1007/s10534-025-00721-6. ISSN 1572-8773. PMID 40679729.