Abydos King List

The Abydos King List, also known as the Abydos Table or the Abydos Tablet, is a list of the names of 76 kings of ancient Egypt, found on a wall of the Temple of Seti I at Abydos, Egypt. It consists of three rows of 38 cartouches (borders enclosing the name of a king) in each row. The upper two rows contain names of the kings, while the third row merely repeats Seti I's throne name and nomen.

For unknown reasons, the first sign of Djoser's cartouche was deliberately removed later on.

Besides providing the order of the Old Kingdom kings, it is the sole source to date of the names of many of the kings of the Seventh and Eighth Dynasties, so the list is valued greatly for that reason.

This list omits the names of many earlier pharaohs. The bulk of these appear to have been left out because although they claimed royal titles and rule over all Egypt, their actual authority was limited to only part of the country. This category includes all the rulers of the Ninth and Tenth Dynasties, the early rulers of the Eleventh Dynasty (Mentuhotep I, Intef I, Intef II, and Intef III), all the rulers of the Thirteenth Dynasty, and all of the rulers of Second Intermediate Period (including the Hyksos Fifteenth Dynasty, who may also have been seen as illegitimate because they were not native Egyptian). The rulers of the chaotic Amarna Period (Akhenaten, Smenkhkare, Neferneferuaten, Tutankhamun, and Ay), seem to have been removed for reasons of political propaganda or as a form of damnatio memoriae; their reigns were within living memory in Seti's day, and the repudiation of the Amarna Period had been state policy since the reign of Horemheb (who had chosen Seti's father Ramesses I to succeed him). Two pharaohs known to have been women, Sobekneferu and Hatshepsut, are also excluded, most likely due to their gender. Finally, Mentuhotep IV may have been excluded for political reasons (having possibly been overthrown by his vizer and successor Amenemhat I) or simply because his short and poorly documented reign was unknown to Seti and his scribes.[1]

Contents of the king list

Row 1

First Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
1. Menes Meni Same name in Turin King List. Probably identical to Narmer.



2. Hor-Aha Teti Same name in Turin King List.



3. Djer Iti Same name in Turin King List.


4. Djet Ita Itui in Turin King List.


5. Den Septi Qenti in Turin King List.



6. Anedjib Meribiap Merbiapen in the Turin King List and Saqqara King List.




7. Semerkhet Semsu Semsem in Turin King List Name absent in Saqqara King List.


8. Qa'a Qebeh Same name in Turin King List. Qebehu in Saqqara King List.


Second Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
9. Hotepsekhemwy Bedjau Baunetjer in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.


10. Nebra Kakau Same name in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.




11. Nynetjer Banetjer Same name in Turin King List. Banetjeru in Saqqara King List.


12. Weneg Wadjnas Wadjlas in Saqqara King List. Name damaged in Turin King List.


13. Senedj Sendi Senedj in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.



14. Khasekhemwy Djadjay Bebti in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.


Third Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
15. Nebka Nebka Same name in Turin King List. Nebkara in Saqqara King List.



16. Djoser …Djeser-za Djoser-it in Turin King List. Djoser in Saqqara King List.


17. Sekhemkhet Teti Djoser-ti in Turin King List. Djoser-teti in Saqqara King List.



18. Khaba Sedjes Hudjefa in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.


19. Huni Neferkare Huni in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.


Fourth Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
20. Sneferu Sneferu Same name in Saqqara King List. Senefer in Turin King List.


21. Khufu Khufu Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.



22. Djedefre Djedefre Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.


23. Khafre Khafre Same name in Saqqara King List. Name damaged in Turin King List




24. Menkaure Menkaure Name missing in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.




25. Shepseskaf Shepseskaf Name missing in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.




Fifth Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
26. Userkaf Userkaf Same name in Saqqara King List. Name damaged in Turin king list.



27. Sahure Sahure Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.


28. Neferirkare Kakai Kakai Neferirkare in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.



29. Neferefre Neferefre Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.


30. Nyuserre Ini Nyuserre Name missing in Turin King List. Name absent in Saqqara King List.




31. Menkauhor Kaiu Menkauhor Same name in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.




32. Djedkare Isesi Djedkare Djed in Turin King List. Maatkare in Saqqara King List.


33. Unas Unis Same name in Turin King List and Saqqara King List.



Sixth Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
34. Teti Teti Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.



35. Userkare Userkare Name missing in Turin King List. Name absent in Saqqara King List.


36. Pepi I Meryre Meryre Pepi in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.




37. Merenre Nemtyemsaf I Merenre Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.




38. Pepi II Neferkare Neferkare Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.


Row 2

Sixth Dynasty (continued)

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
39. Merenre Nemtyemsaf II Merenre Saemsaf Name missing in Turin King List.




40. Netjerkare Siptah Netjerikare Neitiqerty in Turin King List.


Seventh/Eighth Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
41. Menkare Menkare Name missing in Turin King List.



42. Neferkare II Neferkare Name missing in Turin King List.


43. Neferkare Neby Neferkare Neby Name missing in Turin King List.



44. Djedkare Shemai Djedkare Shemai Name missing in Turin King List.


or


45. Neferkare Khendu Neferkare Khendu Name missing in Turin King List.




46. Merenhor Merenhor Name missing in Turin King List.



47. Neferkamin Sneferka Name missing in Turin King List.


48. Nikare Nikare Name missing in Turin King List.



Seventh/Eighth Dynasty (continued)

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
49. Neferkare Tereru Neferkare Tereru Name missing in Turin King List.




50. Neferkahor Neferkahor Name missing in Turin King List.


51. Neferkare Pepiseneb Neferkare Pepiseneb Neferka-khered in Turin King List.




52. Neferkamin Anu Sneferka Anu Nefer in Turin King List.




53. Qakare Ibi Kaukare Ibi in Turin King List.



54. Neferkaure Neferkaure Neferkare in Turin King List.



55. Neferkauhor Neferkauhor Name missing in Turin King List.



56. Neferirkare Neferirkare Name missing in Turin King List.



Eleventh Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
57. Mentuhotep II Nebhepetre Same name in Turin King List and in Saqqara King List.



58. Mentuhotep III Sankhkare Seankhkare in Turin King List and in Saqqara King List.


Twelfth Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
59. Amenemhat I Sehetepibre Same name in Saqqara King List. Name damaged in Turin King List.



60. Senusret I Kheperkare Same name in Saqqara King List. Name damaged in Turin King List.


61. Amenemhat II Nubkaure Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.




62. Senusret II Khakheperre Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.



63. Senusret III Khakaure Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.




64. Amenemhat III Nimaatre Same name in Saqqara King List. Name missing in Turin King List.




65. Amenemhat IV Maakherure Same name in Turin King List and in Saqqara King List.



Eighteenth Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
66. Ahmose I Nebpehtire Same name in Saqqara King List.




67. Amenhotep I Djeserkare Same name in Saqqara King List.



68. Thutmose I Aakheperkare Name missing in Saqqara King List.



69. Thutmose II Aakheperenre Name missing in Saqqara King List.




70. Thutmose III Menkheperre Name missing in Saqqara King List.



71. Amenhotep II Aakheperure Name missing in Saqqara King List.




72. Thutmose IV Menkheperure Name missing in Saqqara King List.




73. Amenhotep III Nebmaatre Name missing in Saqqara King List.


74. Horemheb Djeserkheperure Setepenre Same name in Saqqara King List.





Nineteenth Dynasty

# Pharaoh Name written in List Name In other Lists Hieroglyphs
75. Ramesses I Menpehtire Same name in Saqqara King List.




76. Seti I Menmaatre Same name in Saqqara King List.


Row 3

Name type Name written in List Hieroglyphs
Nomen of Seti I Seti Merenptah



Prenomen of Seti I Menmaatre



See also

References

  1. ^ Dominic Perry (15 August 2023). "187: The Abydos King List". The History of Egypt Podcast (Podcast).