2025 Torneo DIMAYOR

Torneo DIMAYOR
Season2025
Dates30 January – 2 December 2025
ChampionsTorneo I: Jaguares (2nd title)
Torneo II: Cúcuta Deportivo (4th title)
PromotedJaguares
Cúcuta Deportivo
Matches308
Goals730 (2.37 per match)
Top goalscorerTorneo I: Andrés Rentería (18 goals)
Torneo II: Andrés Rentería (14 goals)
Biggest home winR. Cartagena 5–0 Bogotá
(9 February)
Dep. Quindío 6–1 Bogotá
(26 September)
Biggest away winAtlético 0–3 Atlético Huila
(28 February)
R. Santander 0–3 Inter Palmira
(12 May)
Bogotá 0–3 R. Cartagena
(21 July)
Barranquilla 1–4 Inter Palmira
(1 September)
Orsomarso 0–3 Boca Juniors
(28 September)
Inter Palmira 1–4 Jaguares
(19 November)
Patriotas 0–3 R. Cundinamarca
(23 November)
Highest scoringR. Santander 3–4 R. Cundinamarca
(15 February)
R. Cundinamarca 5–2 Atlético
(11 March)
R. Cartagena 3–4 Jaguares
(2 June)
Dep. Quindío 6–1 Bogotá
(26 September)
← 2024
2026 →

The 2025 Torneo DIMAYOR (officially known as the 2025 Torneo BetPlay Dimayor season for sponsorship reasons) was the 36th season of the Torneo DIMAYOR since its founding as Colombia's second division football league. The season began on 30 January and ended on 2 December 2025.[1]

Jaguares, who won the Torneo I after defeating Patriotas in the finals, became the first team promoted to the top tier league Categoría Primera A for the 2026 season after securing a top two finish in the season's aggregate table with a 2–2 draw with Cúcuta Deportivo on 11 November 2025.[2] The Torneo II was won by Cúcuta Deportivo, who defeated Real Cundinamarca on penalty kicks in the finals and promoted to Primera A after placing second in the season's aggregate table.[3][4]

Format changes

Although the tournament kept the same format that has been used in its most recent editions, with two tournaments per season with three stages each (a single round-robin first stage, two semi-final groups and a two-legged final series), changes were implemented to the method of promotion of teams to Categoría Primera A for the following season. For this season, the two promoted teams were decided under the following scenarios:[5]

  • If one team won both of the season's short tournaments (Torneo I and II), it earned promotion to the top flight and a two-legged promotion play-off series would be played by the next two teams in the season's aggregate table to decide the other promoted team.
  • If both of the short tournament winners placed in the top two of the aggregate table at the end of the season, both teams would be promoted to Primera A and no additional stages would be played.
  • If only one of the short tournament winners placed in the top two of the aggregate table, it would be promoted while the other tournament winner would play the promotion play-off against the best-placed team in the aggregate table that did not win any of the season's tournaments.
  • If none of the short tournament winners ended up in the top two places of the aggregate table, both teams would play a grand final in which the winning side would be the first promoted team, and the loser of that grand final would play the aggregate table's top team in the promotion play-off for the remaining promotion berth.

Teams

Sixteen teams took part in the season. The previous season's champions Unión Magdalena and runners-up Llaneros were promoted to Primera A for the 2025 season,[6] being replaced in Primera B for this season by Jaguares and Patriotas, who were relegated from Primera A at the end of the 2024 season after finishing in the bottom two places of the top tier's relegation table.[7]

For this season Orsomarso changed their home stadium, moving from their usual venue Estadio Francisco Rivera Escobar in Palmira to Estadio Municipal Raúl Miranda in Yumbo, Valle del Cauca Department after signing an agreement with the Yumbo Municipality to play there for one season.[8] Although Orsomarso played most of their Torneo I home games in Yumbo, they chose to host their final match in that tournament at Estadio Daniel Villa Zapata in Barrancabermeja, aiming to get support from the city's inhabitants while also capitalizing on the local government's desire to have a professional team representing Barrancabermeja.[9] Orsomarso eventually reached an agreement with the city's government and confirmed the relocation of their home matches to Estadio Daniel Villa Zapata starting from this season's Torneo II. The club's youth setup remained based in the Valle del Cauca Department.[10]

Locations of the 2025 Categoría Primera B teams.
Club City Stadium Capacity
Atlético Cali Pascual Guerrero 38,588
Atlético Huila Neiva Guillermo Plazas Alcid[i] 12,000
Barranquilla Barranquilla Romelio Martínez 11,000
Boca Juniors de Cali Cali Pascual Guerrero 38,588
Bogotá Bogotá Metropolitano de Techo 10,000
Cúcuta Deportivo Cúcuta General Santander 42,901
Deportes Quindío Armenia Centenario 20,716
Inter Palmira Palmira Francisco Rivera Escobar 15,300
Itagüí Leones Itagüí Metropolitano Ciudad de Itagüí 12,000
Jaguares Montería Jaraguay 12,000
Orsomarso Yumbo Municipal Raúl Miranda 3,500
Barrancabermeja Daniel Villa Zapata 10,400
Patriotas Tunja La Independencia 20,630
Real Cartagena Cartagena Jaime Morón León 16,068
Real Cundinamarca Bogotá Parque Estadio Olaya Herrera 2,500
Real Santander Piedecuesta Villa Concha 5,500
Tigres Bogotá Metropolitano de Techo 10,000
Notes
  1. ^ Starting from the Torneo II's semi-final stage, Atlético Huila played their home matches at Estadio Manuel Murillo Toro in Ibagué since their regular stadium Estadio Guillermo Plazas Alcid in Neiva was closed due to structural failures.[11]

Torneo I

The Torneo I, officially known as the Torneo BetPlay Dimayor 2025–I, was the first tournament of the 2025 season. It began on 30 January and ended on 22 June 2025.

First stage

Standings

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Jaguares 16 10 4 2 26 14 +12 34 Advance to the semi-finals
2 Patriotas 16 10 3 3 21 8 +13 33
3 Inter Palmira 16 10 2 4 24 15 +9 32
4 Cúcuta Deportivo 16 9 4 3 24 15 +9 31
5 Real Cundinamarca 16 8 5 3 25 16 +9 29
6 Atlético Huila 16 8 5 3 19 10 +9 29
7 Real Cartagena 16 8 4 4 30 21 +9 28
8 Tigres 16 6 6 4 16 14 +2 24
9 Itagüí Leones 16 5 3 8 22 24 −2 18
10 Real Santander 16 5 3 8 15 23 −8 18
11 Orsomarso 16 2 10 4 15 16 −1 16
12 Deportes Quindío 16 3 5 8 13 26 −13 14
13 Bogotá 16 3 4 9 17 32 −15 13
14 Atlético 16 3 3 10 15 24 −9 12
15 Barranquilla 16 2 5 9 12 27 −15 11
16 Boca Juniors de Cali 16 2 2 12 11 20 −9 8
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points, 2) Goal difference, 3) Goals for, 4) Away goals for, 5) Away goals against, 6) Drawing of lots.

Results

Home \ Away ATL HUI BAR BOC BOG CUC QUI INT LEO JAG ORS PAT RCA RCU RSA TIG
Atlético — 0–3 1–2 1–0 2–2 — 0–1 — 0–0 — — — 1–2 — 2–0 —
Atlético Huila — — — — — 0–2 2–0 1–0 2–0 2–0 1–1 1–0 — — 0–0 —
Barranquilla — 0–0 — 0–0 2–0 — 1–1 — 2–3 0–1 — — 2–2 — 1–2 —
Boca Juniors de Cali 2–1 1–2 — — — 0–2 4–0 — — 0–1 0–1 1–2 — — 0–1 —
Bogotá — 2–3 — 1–0 — — 1–1 — — 2–2 2–2 0–2 — — 2–1 1–2
Cúcuta Deportivo 0–3[a] — 4–1 — 2–0 — — 1–1 — — — — 1–1 1–1 2–1 2–0
Deportes Quindío — 1–0 — — — 0–1 — 1–2 — 2–2 0–0 0–1 — 0–0 4–2 —
Inter Palmira 1–0 — 3–0 1–0 2–1 — — — — — 1–1 — 2–0 3–2 — 1–2
Itagüí Leones — — — 1–1 3–0 0–1 4–1 1–2 — 1–3 — — 1–2 3–1 — —
Jaguares 3–1 — — — — 1–2 — 3–0 2–0 — 1–1 1–0 — 1–1 — 1–0
Orsomarso 0–0 — 3–0 — — 2–2 — 0–2 2–3 — — — 1–2 0–1 — 1–1
Patriotas 2–1 — 1–0 — — 2–0 — 2–0 3–1 — 0–0 — — 0–1 — 2–0
Real Cartagena — 1–1 3–0 3–2 5–0 — 4–1 — — 2–3 — 1–3 — — 2–0 —
Real Cundinamarca 5–2 1–0 2–0 1–0 1–2 — — — — — — 0–0 3–0 — — 1–1
Real Santander — — — — — 2–1 — 0–3 1–0 0–1 0–0 1–1 — 3–4 — 1–0
Tigres 1–0 1–1 1–1 2–0 2–1 — 2–0 — 1–1 — — — 0–0 — — —
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.
  1. ^ Match awarded 0–3 to Atlético due to Cúcuta Deportivo fielding the player Cristián Álvarez, who was ineligible due to a sanction from FIFA. The match originally ended with Cúcuta Deportivo winning 4–2.[12]

Semi-finals

The eight teams that advanced to the semi-finals were drawn into two groups of four teams, with the top two teams from the first stage being seeded in each group. The two group winners advanced to the finals.

Group A

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification JAG RCA INT TIG
1 Jaguares 6 4 1 1 9 5 +4 13 Advance to the Finals — 2–0 2–1 0–1
2 Real Cartagena 6 2 2 2 11 10 +1 8 3–4 — 3–3 3–0
3 Inter Palmira 6 2 2 2 7 7 0 8 0–0 0–1 — 1–0
4 Tigres 6 1 1 4 3 8 −5 4 0–1 1–1 1–2 —
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points, 2) First stage position (only applies for the seeded team, if it is involved in a tie), 3) Goal difference, 4) Goals for, 5) Away goals for, 6) Away goals against, 7) First stage position.

Group B

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification PAT HUI CUC RCU
1 Patriotas 6 3 1 2 7 6 +1 10[a] Advance to the Finals — 1–1 3–2 0–1
2 Atlético Huila 6 3 1 2 10 7 +3 10[a] 1–2 — 3–0 2–1
3 Cúcuta Deportivo 6 3 0 3 7 12 −5 9 1–0 2–1 — 2–1
4 Real Cundinamarca 6 2 0 4 8 7 +1 6 0–1 1–2 4–0 —
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points, 2) First stage position (only applies for the seeded team, if it is involved in a tie), 3) Goal difference, 4) Goals for, 5) Away goals for, 6) Away goals against, 7) First stage position.
Notes:
  1. ^ a b Patriotas ahead of Atlético Huila for being the group's seeded team.

Finals

Patriotas0–0Jaguares
Report
Referee: Diego Ulloa
Jaguares3–0Patriotas
  • Rentería 7' (pen.)
  • Ceter 68'
  • Herrera 86'
 Report

Jaguares won 3–0 on aggregate.

 Torneo BetPlay DIMAYOR
2025–I champions[13] 
 
2nd title

Top scorers

Rank Player Club Goals
1 Andrés Rentería Jaguares 18
2 Fredy Montero Real Cartagena 17
3 Jayder Asprilla Real Cundinamarca 11
4 Juan David Valencia Itagüí Leones 10
5 Stiwart Acuña Barranquilla 8
6 Cristián Álvarez Cúcuta Deportivo 7
Arney Rocha Real Cundinamarca
8 Omar Duarte Atlético Huila 6
Sebastián Girado Orsomarso
Matías Pisano Cúcuta Deportivo
Michell Ramos Cúcuta Deportivo

Source: Soccerway

Torneo II

The Torneo II, officially known as the Torneo BetPlay Dimayor 2025–II, is the second and last tournament of the 2025 season. It began on 13 July and ended on 2 December 2025.

First stage

Standings

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Jaguares 16 12 1 3 25 9 +16 37 Advance to the semi-finals
2 Patriotas 16 11 2 3 25 15 +10 35
3 Cúcuta Deportivo 16 8 6 2 22 10 +12 30
4 Real Cundinamarca 16 8 4 4 23 12 +11 28
5 Inter Palmira 16 8 4 4 18 15 +3 28
6 Real Cartagena 16 6 6 4 25 14 +11 24
7 Atlético Huila 16 7 3 6 17 18 −1 24
8 Boca Juniors de Cali 16 6 5 5 19 15 +4 23
9 Deportes Quindío 16 6 5 5 25 22 +3 23
10 Real Santander 16 5 2 9 18 18 0 17
11 Orsomarso 16 4 5 7 13 19 −6 17
12 Bogotá 16 4 4 8 13 28 −15 16
13 Atlético 16 4 3 9 17 29 −12 15
14 Tigres 16 3 5 8 14 21 −7 14
15 Barranquilla 16 2 5 9 18 27 −9 11
16 Itagüí Leones 16 2 4 10 8 28 −20 10
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points, 2) Goal difference, 3) Goals for, 4) Away goals for, 5) Away goals against, 6) Drawing of lots.

Results

Home \ Away ATL HUI BAR BOC BOG CUC QUI INT LEO JAG ORS PAT RCA RCU RSA TIG
Atlético — — — 0–1 — 0–0 — 4–2 — 0–1 1–0 1–3 — 2–3 — 1–1
Atlético Huila 3–3 — 3–2 0–1 1–0 — 2–1 — — — — — 0–1 2–0 — 1–0
Barranquilla 1–2 — — — — 1–2 — 1–4 — — 0–2 3–1 3–1 1–1 — 2–2
Boca Juniors de Cali 1–2 — 1–0 — 2–1 — — 2–0 1–1 — — — 2–2 0–1 — 0–1
Bogotá 2–0 — 1–0 — — 2–1 — 2–2 0–1 — — — 0–3 0–3 — 1–0
Cúcuta Deportivo — 0–0 — 1–0 — — 2–2 — 4–0 1–2 1–0 2–0 — — 2–1 —
Deportes Quindío 2–1 1–1 1–1 2–2 6–1 — — — 2–0 — — — 0–0 — — 2–1
Inter Palmira — 2–0 — — — 0–2 2–1 — 1–0 1–0 1–1 1–0 — — 1–0 —
Itagüí Leones 1–0 1–2 2–2 — — — — — — 0–1 0–1 0–1 — — 1–1 1–1
Jaguares — 3–0 2–1 1–1 2–0 — 2–0 — 4–0 — — — 2–1 — 1–0 —
Orsomarso — 0–1 — 0–3 1–1 — 2–3 0–0 — 1–0 — 2–2 — — 1–0 —
Patriotas — 1–0 — 1–0 1–1 — 2–0 — — 2–1 — — 3–1 2–1 2–0 —
Real Cartagena 4–0 — 0–0 — — 1–1 — 0–0 4–0 — 3–1 — — 0–0 — 4–0
Real Cundinamarca — — — — — 1–1 3–1 2–0 3–0 0–1 1–1 0–1 — — 2–0 —
Real Santander 4–0 2–1 2–0 2–2 4–0 0–2 0–1 — — — — — 2–0 — — —
Tigres — — — — 1–1 0–0 — 0–1 — 1–2 2–0 2–3 — 0–2 2–0 —
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

Semi-finals

The eight teams that advanced to the semi-finals were drawn into two groups of four teams, with the top two teams from the first stage being seeded in each group. The two group winners advanced to the finals.

Group A

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification CUC HUI JAG INT
1 Cúcuta Deportivo 6 4 1 1 11 6 +5 13 Advance to the Finals — 2–1 2–2 4–0
2 Atlético Huila 6 3 2 1 10 7 +3 11 2–0 — 2–2 1–0
3 Jaguares 6 2 3 1 12 9 +3 9 1–2 2–2 — 1–0
4 Inter Palmira 6 0 0 6 2 13 −11 0 0–1 1–2 1–4 —
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points, 2) First stage position (only applies for the seeded team, if it is involved in a tie), 3) Goal difference, 4) Goals for, 5) Away goals for, 6) Away goals against, 7) First stage position.

Group B

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification RCU PAT RCA BOC
1 Real Cundinamarca 6 4 1 1 7 2 +5 13 Advance to the Finals — 1–0 1–2 1–0
2 Patriotas 6 2 1 3 4 7 −3 7[a] 0–3 — 2–2 1–0
3 Real Cartagena 6 1 4 1 5 5 0 7[a] 0–0 0–1 — 1–1
4 Boca Juniors de Cali 6 1 2 3 2 4 −2 5 0–1 1–0 0–0 —
Source: Dimayor, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points, 2) First stage position (only applies for the seeded team, if it is involved in a tie), 3) Goal difference, 4) Goals for, 5) Away goals for, 6) Away goals against, 7) First stage position.
Notes:
  1. ^ a b Patriotas ahead of Real Cartagena for being the group's seeded team.

Finals

Real Cundinamarca1–0Cúcuta Deportivo
  • Caicedo 26'
 Report
Referee: Carlos Betancur
Cúcuta Deportivo2–1Real Cundinamarca
 Report
  • Rocha 45'
Penalties
 3–2
  • Asprilla
  • Viveros
  • Moreno
  • Caicedo
  • Cataño
Referee: Jhon Ospina

Tied 2–2 on aggregate, Cúcuta Deportivo won on penalties.

 Torneo BetPlay DIMAYOR
2025–II champions[14] 
 
4th title

Top scorers

Rank Player Club Goals
1 Andrés Rentería Jaguares 14
2 Fredy Montero Real Cartagena 13
3 Jonathan Agudelo Cúcuta Deportivo 11
Jayder Asprilla Real Cundinamarca
5 Omar Duarte Atlético Huila 7
6 Bayron Caicedo Real Cundinamarca 6
Arney Rocha Real Cundinamarca
8 Jorge Mendoza Boca Juniors de Cali 5
Harold Ortiz Boca Juniors de Cali
Andrés Carabalí Deportes Quindío
Jackson Jaramillo Boca Juniors de Cali

Source: Besoccer

Aggregate table

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Promotion or qualification
1 Jaguares (C, P) 46 29 10 7 75 37 +38 97 Promotion to Categoría Primera A
2 Cúcuta Deportivo (C, P) 46 25 11 10 66 45 +21 86
3 Patriotas 46 26 8 12 57 39 +18 86
4 Real Cundinamarca 46 23 10 13 65 39 +26 79
5 Atlético Huila 44 21 11 12 56 42 +14 74
6 Inter Palmira 44 20 8 16 51 50 +1 68
7 Real Cartagena 44 17 16 11 71 50 +21 67
8 Tigres 38 10 12 16 33 43 −10 42
9 Deportes Quindío 32 9 10 13 38 48 −10 37
10 Boca Juniors de Cali 38 9 9 20 32 39 −7 36
11 Real Santander 32 10 5 17 33 41 −8 35
12 Orsomarso 32 6 15 11 28 35 −7 33
13 Bogotá 32 7 8 17 30 60 −30 29
14 Itagüí Leones 32 7 7 18 30 52 −22 28
15 Atlético 32 7 6 19 32 53 −21 27
16 Barranquilla 32 4 10 18 30 54 −24 22
Source: Dimayor
Rules for classification: 1) Points, 2) Goal difference, 3) Goals for, 4) Away goals for, 5) Away goals against, 6) Drawing of lots.
(C) Champions; (P) Promoted

Promotion play-off

Since both season champions (Jaguares and Cúcuta Deportivo) also ended up as the top two teams in the aggregate table, both earned automatic promotion to the Categoría Primera A and the promotion play-off was not played.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Así quedó la programación de la fecha 1 del Torneo BetPlay 2025-I" [This is how the schedule for the 2025-I Torneo BetPlay's first matchday turned out] (in Spanish). Win Sports. 17 January 2025. Retrieved 25 January 2025.
  2. ^ "Jaguares se convirtió en el primer ascendido a la Liga BetPlay Dimayor: empató contra Cúcuta y se aseguró un lugar en la A" [Jaguares became the first team promoted to the Liga BetPlay Dimayor: they drew with Cúcuta and secured a place in the top flight] (in Spanish). Infobae. 11 November 2025. Retrieved 11 November 2025.
  3. ^ "Cúcuta Deportivo gana un partido de película contra Real Cundinamarca y con mucho drama regresa a la A" [Cúcuta Deportivo win a thrilling match against Real Cundinamarca and return to the top flight in dramatic fashion] (in Spanish). El Tiempo. 2 December 2025. Retrieved 2 December 2025.
  4. ^ "Cúcuta, Real Cundinamarca o Patriotas: así se define el segundo ascenso a Liga BetPlay 2026" [Cúcuta, Real Cundinamarca or Patriotas: this is how the second promotion to the 2026 Liga BetPlay will be decided] (in Spanish). Futbolete. 23 November 2025. Retrieved 2 December 2025.
  5. ^ "Así se definirá el ascenso en la Primera B para la temporada 2025: Dimayor aplicará "jugadita" para evitar amaños" [This is how promotion will be defined in the Primera B for the 2025 season: Dimayor will apply "little trick" to avoid rigging] (in Spanish). Infobae. 31 January 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  6. ^ "Unión Magdalena y Llaneros ascienden a la Liga BetPlay" [Unión Magdalena and Llaneros promote to the Liga BetPlay] (in Spanish). Diario AS. 14 December 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2025.
  7. ^ "Patriotas y Jaguares se fueron a la B: las matemáticas, ahora sí, dictaron sentencia" [Patriotas and Jaguares left for the second tier: mathematics, at last, passed sentence] (in Spanish). El Tiempo. 14 November 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2025.
  8. ^ "Alcaldía de Yumbo anunció que el municipio tendrá un nuevo equipo de fútbol para la segunda división del FPC; ¿de qué se trata?" [Yumbo Municipality announced that the town will have a new football team for the FPC′s second division; what is it about?] (in Spanish). El País. 22 January 2025. Retrieved 25 January 2025.
  9. ^ "Barrancabermeja volverá a tener fútbol profesional: El Daniel Villa Zapata recibirá el Orsomarso vs Cúcuta por el Torneo Betplay" [Barrancabermeja will have professional football again: the Daniel Villa Zapata will host the Torneo Betplay's Orsomarso vs. Cúcuta] (in Spanish). Alerta Santander. 13 May 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2025.
  10. ^ "Confirmado: Barrancabermeja tendrá fútbol profesional para el segundo semestre del 2025" [Confirmed: Barrancabermeja will have professional football for the second semester of 2025] (in Spanish). Vanguardia. 11 July 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2025.
  11. ^ "Estadio Manuel Murillo Toro de Ibagué será la sede temporal del Atlético Huila" [Ibagué's Estadio Manuel Murillo Toro will be Atlético Huila's temporary venue] (in Spanish). Alerta Tolima. 29 October 2025. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
  12. ^ "Dimayor sancionó al Cúcuta Deportivo con pérdida de tres puntos tras alineación indebida de Cristian Álvarez" [Dimayor punished Cúcuta Deportivo with three-point deduction after improper lineup of Cristian Álvarez] (in Spanish). La Opinión. 10 May 2025. Retrieved 10 May 2025.
  13. ^ "¡Jaguares FC campeón del Torneo BetPlay DIMAYOR l-2025!" [Jaguares FC, 2025-I Torneo BetPlay DIMAYOR champions!] (in Spanish). Dimayor. 22 June 2025. Retrieved 2 December 2025.
  14. ^ "¡Cúcuta Deportivo es el nuevo campeón del Torneo BetPlay DIMAYOR II-2025 y regresa a la primera división!" [Cúcuta Deportivo are the new 2025-II Torneo BetPlay DIMAYOR champions and return to the first division!] (in Spanish). Dimayor. 2 December 2025. Retrieved 2 December 2025.
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