2023 Seville municipal election

2023 Seville municipal election
28 May 2023
All 31 seats in the City Council of Seville
16 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered531,886 1.7%
Turnout326,118 (61.3%)
2.5 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader José Luis Sanz Antonio Muñoz Cristina Peláez
Party PP PSOE–A Vox
Leader since 21 July 2021 3 January 2022 2015
Last election 8 seats, 23.1% 13 seats, 39.2% 2 seats, 8.0%
Seats won 14 12 3
Seat change 6 1 1
Popular vote 132,778 110,204 28,727
Percentage 41.2% 34.2% 8.9%
Swing 18.1 pp 5.0 pp 0.9 pp
  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Susana Hornillo Miguel Ángel Aumesquet
Party Con Andalucía CS
Leader since 27 January 2023 9 November 2022
Last election 3 seats (Adelante)[a] 4 seats, 12.5%
Seats won 2 0
Seat change 1 4
Popular vote 22,803 5,069
Percentage 7.1% 1.6%
Swing n/a 10.9 pp
Mayor before election

Antonio Muñoz
PSOE

Elected mayor

José Luis Sanz
PP

A municipal election was held in Seville on Sunday, 28 May 2023, to elect the 12th City Council of the municipality. All 31 seats in the City Council were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in twelve autonomous communities and local elections all across Spain.

Overview

Under the 1978 Constitution, the governance of municipalities in Spain—part of the country's local government system—was centered on the figure of city councils (Spanish: ayuntamientos), local corporations with independent legal personality composed of a mayor, a government council and an elected legislative assembly.[1][2] In the case of Seville, the top-tier administrative and governing body was the City Council of Seville.[3]

Electoral system

Voting for local assemblies was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered and residing in the municipality of Seville and in full enjoyment of their political rights (provided that they were not sentenced—by a final court ruling—to deprivation of the right to vote), as well as resident non-national European citizens and those whose country of origin allowed Spanish nationals to vote in their own elections by virtue of a treaty.[2][4][5]

Local councillors were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional voting system, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes (which included blank ballots) being applied in each municipality.[6] Each municipality constituted a multi-member constituency, entitled a number of seats based on the following scale:[7]

Population Councillors
<100 3
101–250 5
251–1,000 7
1,001–2,000 9
2,001–5,000 11
5,001–10,000 13
10,001–20,000 17
20,001–50,000 21
50,001–100,000 25
>100,001 +1 per each 100,000 inhabitants or fraction
+1 if total is an even number

The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacated seats; instead, any vacancies that occurred after the proclamation of candidates and into the legislative term were to be covered by the successive candidates in the list and, when required, by the designated substitutes.[8]

The mayor was indirectly elected by the local assembly.[2] A legal clause required candidates to earn the vote of an absolute majority of councillors, or else the candidate of the most-voted party was to be automatically appointed to the post. In the event of a tie, the appointee was to be determined by lot.[9]

Election date

The term of city councils in Spain expired four years after the date of their previous election, with election day being fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years (as of 2026, this has been the year before a leap year). The election decree was required to be issued no later than the fifty-fifth day prior to the scheduled election date and published on the following day in the Official State Gazette (BOE).[10] The previous local elections were held on 26 May 2019, setting the date for election day on the fourth Sunday of May four years later, which was 28 May 2023.

Local councils could not be dissolved before the expiry of their term, except in cases of mismanagement that seriously harmed the public interest and implied a breach of constitutional obligations, in which case the Council of Ministers could—optionally—agree to call a by-election.[11]

Elections to local councils were officially called on 4 April 2023 with the publication of the corresponding decree in the BOE, setting election day for 28 May.[12]

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant electoral commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of a determined amount of the electors registered in the municipality for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. In the case of Seville, as its population was between 300,001 and 1,000,000, at least 5,000 signatures were required.[13] Additionally, a balanced composition of men and women was required in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition.[14]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy Parties and
alliances 		Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Gov. Ref.
Vote % Seats
PSOE–A
List
 Antonio Muñoz Social democracy 39.2% 13 [15]
[16]
PP
List
 José Luis Sanz Conservatism
Christian democracy 		23.1% 8 [17]
[18]
Con
Andalucía
List
 Susana Hornillo Left-wing populism
Direct democracy
Democratic socialism
14.1%
[b] 		4 [19]
[20]
Adelante
Andalucía
List
  • Anti-capitalists (Anticapitalistas)
  • Andalusian Spring (Primavera Andaluza)
  • Andalusian Left (IzA)
  • Defend Andalusia (Defender Andalucía)
Sandra Heredia Andalusian nationalism
Left-wing populism
Anti-capitalism 		[21]
[22]
[23]
CS
List
 Miguel Ángel Aumesquet Liberalism 12.5% 4 [24]
[25]
[26]
Vox
List
 Cristina Peláez Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
National conservatism 		8.0% 2 [27]

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 16 seats were required for an absolute majority in the City Council of Seville.

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Preferred Mayor

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become mayor of Seville.

Results

← Summary of the 28 May 2023 City Council of Seville election results →
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 132,778 41.17 +18.02 14 +6
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 110,204 34.17 −5.07 12 −1
Vox (Vox) 28,727 8.91 +0.96 3 +1
With Andalusia (Podemos–IU–MPA–VQ–IdPA–AV–LV–ALTER)1 22,803 7.07 n/a 2 −1
Forward Andalusia (Adelante Andalucía)1 11,974 3.71 n/a 0 −1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (CS) 5,069 1.57 −10.88 0 −4
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 4,344 1.35 +0.24 0 ±0
Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 1,093 0.34 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 848 0.26 +0.11 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 586 0.18 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 210 0.07 +0.03 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,857 1.20 +0.48
Total 322,493 31 ±0
Valid votes 322,493 98.89 −0.48
Invalid votes 3,625 1.11 +0.48
Votes cast / turnout 326,118 61.31 +2.54
Abstentions 205,768 38.69 −2.54
Registered voters 531,886
Sources[28][29][30]
Footnotes:
Popular vote
PP
 
 41.17%
PSOE–A
 
 34.17%
Vox
 
 8.91%
ConA
 
 7.07%
Adelante
 
 3.71%
CS
 
 1.57%
PACMA
 
 1.35%
Others
 
 0.85%
Blank ballots
 
 1.20%
Seats
PP
 
 45.16%
PSOE–A
 
 38.71%
Vox
 
 9.68%
ConA
 
 6.45%

Aftermath

Government formation

Investiture
Ballot → 17 June 2023
Required majority → 16 out of 31
  • • PP (14)
14 / 31
 Y
12 / 31
 N
3 / 31
 N
Susana Hornillo (ConA)
2 / 31
 N
Abstentions/Blank ballots
0 / 31
Absentees
0 / 31
Sources[31]

Notes

  1. ^ Within the Adelante alliance in the 2019 election.
  2. ^ Results for Adelante in the 2019 election.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar Within ConA.
  4. ^ a b Within Por Andalucía.
  5. ^ a b c d Within Adelante Andalucía.

References

Opinion poll sources

  1. ^ "El PP podría recuperar el Ayuntamiento de Sevilla con el apoyo de Vox, según TVE y FORTA". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 28 May 2023.
  2. ^ "Elecciones municipales: Sánchez ganaría Barcelona, pero perdería Sevilla". La Razón (in Spanish). 22 May 2023.
  3. ^ "El PP cerca al PSOE en Sevilla y con Vox podría voltear la gran capital de Sánchez". El Mundo (in Spanish). 21 May 2023.
  4. ^ "La fortaleza de Vox permitirá a José Luis Sanz gobernar Sevilla sin ganar las elecciones el 28M". ABC (in Spanish). 21 May 2023.
  5. ^ "El PSOE aventajaría por la mínima al PP en Sevilla". El País. 22 May 2023.
  6. ^ a b c "Informe preelectoral para el Ayuntamiento de Sevilla. Mayo 2023" (PDF). 40dB. 22 May 2023.
  7. ^ "Encuesta DYM. Muñoz revalidaría la Alcaldía de Sevilla con el apoyo de la izquierda, pero un solo edil podría dar la mayoría al PP y Vox". 20 minutos (in Spanish). 17 May 2023.
  8. ^ "José Luis Sanz saca ventaja a Antonio Muñoz y suma para que el PP gobierne Sevilla el 28M". ABC (in Spanish). 17 May 2023.
  9. ^ "Antonio Muñoz ganaría Sevilla para el PSOE y podría gobernar con el apoyo de Con Andalucía". El Español (in Spanish). 19 May 2023.
  10. ^ "El PP roza el 'sorpasso' en Sevilla a un PSOE que necesitará a Podemos y a Adelante para gobernar". Okdiario (in Spanish). 14 May 2023.
  11. ^ "Ventaja del PSOE sobre el PP pero no se asegura mantener el ayuntamiento de Sevilla en las elecciones del 28M, según el sondeo de Sigma Dos". Antena 3 (in Spanish). 27 April 2023.
  12. ^ a b "Preelectoral elecciones municipales y autonómicas 2023. Sevilla municipio (Estudio nº 3402. Abril 2023)". CIS (in Spanish). 11 May 2023.
  13. ^ a b "Estimación de voto. Municipios, grandes ciudades y Comunidades Autónomas (Estudio nº 3402. Abril 2023)". CIS (in Spanish). 11 May 2023.
  14. ^ "El PP se hace con Valencia y Sevilla y el PSOE gana en Barcelona". La Razón (in Spanish). 24 April 2023.
  15. ^ "El PSOE mantiene Sevilla por la mínima: el PP está a un escaño de ganarle la alcaldía". El Confidencial (in Spanish). 25 April 2023.
  16. ^ a b c "Antonio Muñoz revalidaría la Alcaldía de Sevilla al ser la lista más votada". Andalucía Información (in Spanish). 20 April 2023.
  17. ^ "El PP, a 2.172 votos de superar al PSOE en Sevilla, la mayor ciudad en manos de Sánchez". Sigma Dos (in Spanish). 20 February 2023.
  18. ^ "Guerra de encuestas por la Alcaldía de Sevilla". Diario de Sevilla (in Spanish). 5 February 2023.
  19. ^ a b "Estudio Opinión Pública Capitales Andaluzas 2023. Especial Elecciones Municipales. Enero 2023". CEA (in Spanish). 30 January 2023.
  20. ^ "Sondeo Sevilla ciudad". ABC (in Spanish). 24 October 2022.
  21. ^ a b c "Sondeo Sevilla ciudad". SW Demoscopia (in Spanish). 28 December 2021.
  22. ^ "Empate virtual entre la izquierda y la derecha tras la caída de Cs". ABC (in Spanish). 27 June 2021.
  23. ^ "AndPanel Sevilla (5M): el PSOE mantendría la alcaldía. Vox sube y Cs y ANSR se quedan fuera". Electomanía (in Spanish). 5 March 2021. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  24. ^ a b c "Espadas volvería a ser alcalde de Sevilla con una "mayoría suficiente"". Andalucía Información (in Spanish). 22 June 2020.

Other

  1. ^ Constitution (1978), art. 140.
  2. ^ a b c LBRL (1985), art. 19.
  3. ^ LBRL (1985), arts. 121–132.
  4. ^ Constitution (1978), art. 13.
  5. ^ LOREG (1985), arts. 2–3 & 176.
  6. ^ LOREG (1985), arts. 163 & 180.
  7. ^ LOREG (1985), art. 179.
  8. ^ LOREG (1985), arts. 46, 48 & 182.
  9. ^ LOREG (1985), art. 196.
  10. ^ LOREG (1985), arts. 42 & 194.
  11. ^ LBRL (1985), art. 61.
  12. ^ Real Decreto 207/2023, de 3 de abril, por el que se convocan elecciones locales y a las Asambleas de Ceuta y Melilla para el 28 de mayo de 2023 (PDF) (Royal Decree 207/2023). Official State Gazette (in Spanish). 3 April 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2025.
  13. ^ LOREG (1985), arts. 44 & 187.
  14. ^ LOREG (1985), art. 44 bis.
  15. ^ Guzmán, María José (28 November 2021). "Espadas y un relevo en la Alcaldía consumado". Diario de Sevilla (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  16. ^ Saiz, Eva (3 January 2022). "El nuevo alcalde de Sevilla presenta un proyecto de gestión que abarca hasta el 2029". El País (in Spanish). Seville. Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  17. ^ Morente, Antonio (21 July 2021). "José Luis Sanz confirma que será el candidato del PP a la Alcaldía de Sevilla". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  18. ^ S., R. (18 January 2023). "José Luis Sanz es elegido por unanimidad como candidato del PP a la Alcaldía de Sevilla". Diario de Sevilla (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  19. ^ S., R. (5 November 2022). "La candidata de Podemos a la Alcaldía será Susana Hornillo". Diario de Sevilla (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  20. ^ Morente, Antonio (26 January 2023). "La izquierda sella una alianza electoral en Sevilla con la líder de Podemos como candidata a la Alcaldía de la capital". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 February 2023.
  21. ^ Morente, Antonio (21 July 2021). "La concejal de Adelante Sevilla Sandra Heredia pasa a ser no adscrita tras su expulsión de Podemos". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  22. ^ "Adelante Andalucía elige a Sandra Heredia como candidata a la Alcaldía de Sevilla". Diario de Sevilla (in Spanish). Europa Press. 28 November 2022. Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  23. ^ Morente, Antonio (29 January 2023). "Adelante Andalucía presenta a Sandra Heredia como "la candidata de los barrios de Sevilla"". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  24. ^ Márquez, Javier (26 September 2022). "Álvaro Pimentel no será candidato de Ciudadanos a las municipales" (in Spanish). Seville: Cadena SER. Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  25. ^ "El portavoz de Ciudadanos en el Ayuntamiento de Sevilla renuncia al acta de concejal y se da de baja del partido". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 31 October 2022. Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  26. ^ "Ciudadanos elige como su candidato a alcalde en Sevilla al edil que lleva dos días como portavoz tras una crisis interna". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 9 November 2022. Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  27. ^ Maestre, Romualdo (30 December 2022). "Cristina Peláez repite como candidata de Vox a la alcaldía de Sevilla". ABC (in Spanish). Seville. Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  28. ^ Lozano, Carles. "Elecciones municipales en Sevilla (desde 1979)". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 November 2025.
  29. ^ "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales" (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 5 November 2025.
  30. ^ "Resolución de 5 de julio de 2023, de la Presidencia de la Junta Electoral Central, por la que se procede a la publicación del resumen de los resultados de las elecciones locales convocadas por Real Decreto 207/2023, de 3 de abril, y celebradas el 28 de mayo de 2023, según los datos que figuran en las actas de proclamación remitidas por cada una de las Juntas Electorales de Zona. Provincias: Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Segovia, Sevilla, Soria, Tarragona, Teruel, Toledo, Valencia, Valladolid, Zamora y Zaragoza. Ciudades Autónomas de Ceuta y Melilla" (PDF). Official State Gazette (in Spanish) (261): 145194–146077. 1 November 2023. ISSN 0212-033X. Retrieved 5 November 2025.
  31. ^ Borrero, Juan José (17 June 2023). "José Luis Sanz es investido alcalde de Sevilla con los votos del grupo popular". ABC (in Spanish). Seville. Retrieved 12 November 2025.

Bibliography

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