1975 Houston Astros season

1975 Houston Astros
LeagueNational League
DivisionWest
BallparkAstrodome
CityHouston, Texas
Record64–97–1 (.398)
Divisional place6th
OwnersRoy Hofheinz
General managersSpec Richardson
John Mullen
Tal Smith
ManagersPreston Gómez: 47–80
Bill Virdon: 17–17–1
TelevisionKPRC-TV
RadioKPRC (AM)
(Gene Elston, Loel Passe)

The 1975 Houston Astros season was the 14th season for the Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise located in Houston, Texas, their 11th as the Astros, 14th in the National League (NL), seventh in the NL West division, and 11th at The Astrodome. The Astros entered the season with a record of 81–81, in fourth place and 21 games behind the division-champion and NL pennant-winning Los Angeles Dodgers.

The regular season began on April 7 as the Astros hosted the Atlanta Braves with Larry Dierker making his fourth Opening Day start, which the Astros won, 6–2.

First baseman Bob Watson represented the Astros at the MLB All-Star Game and played for the National League, his second career selection. The Astros hired Tal Smith as general manager on August 7. With the Astros struggling to a 47–80 record, the team dismissed Preston Gómez, and replaced him on August 20 with Bill Virdon as the eighth manager in franchise history. The club went 17–17–1 the rest of the way.

The Astros finished last in the NL West with a record of 64–97–1, 43+1⁄2 games behind the division- and World Series-champion Cincinnati Reds, also the worst record in the National League. The second time the Astros had finished in last place, the 97 losses tied the 1965 team for most in team history, was matched in 1991, and stood as the record until 2011, when they lost at least 100 games for the first time.

Following the season, center fielder César Cedeño won his fourth career Gold Glove Award.

Offseason

Summary

The Astros concluded the 1974 campaign with a record of 81–81 (.500), in fourth place in the NL West and 21 games behind the division-champion and NL pennant-winning Los Angeles Dodgers.[1] This performance furthered a scintilla of three consecutive seasons with a record of .500, then unprecedented in franchise history.[2] Center fielder César Cedeño extended his Major League record as a third successive entrant into the 20–50 club.[3] Cedeño and third baseman Doug Rader each earned Gold Glove Awards,[4] and right fielder Greg Gross was recognized as the The Sporting News NL Rookie Player of the Year Award.[a][5]

On January 5, 1975, right-handed pitcher Don Wilson died at home of carbon monoxide poisoning.[6]

Transactions

Uniform changes

This was the first season the Astros donned their now famous rainbow uniforms. The uniforms would make slight alterations throughout the years. In 1975, the numbers on the back of the jersey were inside a white circle but by the following season, the white circle was eliminated entirely. In 1987, the rainbows were relegated to the shoulders of both home and away uniforms (prior to that they were only used on the away uniforms shoulders) and by 1994, the rainbow uniforms were retired after 19 years for a more contemporary look.

Regular season

Summary

April

Opening Day starting lineup
Uniform Player Position
23 Enos Cabell Left fielder
11 Rob Andrews[b] Second baseman
28 César Cedeño Center fielder
8 Milt May Catcher
6 Cliff Johnson First baseman
25 José Cruz Right fielder
12 Doug Rader Third baseman
14 Roger Metzger Shortstop
49 Larry Dierker Pitcher
Venue: Astrodome • Final: Houston 6, Atlanta 2

Sources:[9][10]

On Opening Day at the Astrodome, José Cruz introduced himself in an Astros uniform with an electric debut, going 3-for-4, swatting a home run and delivering three runs batted in (RBI) to lead a 6–2 triumph over the Atlanta Braves.[7] Cruz singled during his first Houston plate appearance in the bottom of the second inning off Braves starter Phil Niekro for his first Astros hit, and in the bottom of the fifth, slugged a three-run home run to chase Niekro. The blast put Houston in the lead, 5–2.[11] Rob Andrews made his major league debut at second base[8] and struck out against Niekro during his first at bat in the first inning, and the third, singled for his first major league hit. Andrews, Enos Cabell, César Cedeño, Milt May, and Doug Rader each added two hits as Houston totaled 14. Astros starter Larry Dierker went the distance and struck out 7 to pick up his first win of the season.[11] Dierker made his then-club record fourth Opening Day start for Houston, relinquishing a tie with the prior year's starter, Dave Roberts.[Note 1][12]

On April 13, the Astros retired Don Wilson's uniform number 40.[13][14] and commemorated him during the following season with a black circular patch containing his number 40 in white, which was worn on the left sleeve of the Astros "rainbow jerseys."[15]

May

Bob Watson scored the 1,000,000th run in baseball history on May 4 during the first game of a doubleheader at Candlestick Park. In spite of Milt May's home run, Watson sprinted around the bases to cross home plate, edging ahead of Dave Concepción of the Cincinnati Reds. Meanwhile, the pitching staffs were unusually wild, issuing a record 41 bases on balls, including a single game league record of 26 in nightcap. In spite of J. R. Richard surrendering a club-record eleven of the free passes, Houston managed to win the second game, 12–8, and obtain a split of the twinbill.[16]

After having fallen behind on May 25 to a 6–0 score, the Astros came back in the bottom of the ninth inning to the Montreal Expos, via a leadoff home run by César Cedeño. The Expos retook the lead in the 12th inning, prior to the Astros walking it off in the bottom of the inning, 8–7.[17]

Record-setting inning

On May 31, the Astros won out in a 15–3 onslaught over the Philadelphia Phillies, erupting for a club-record 12 runs in the eighth inning. Pinch hitter Cliff Johnson fully leveraged the opportunity, hitting a home run and double that inning,[18] which tied a modern Major League record (since 1900) with two extra-base hits in one inning.[c][19]

The Phillies' starter, Wayne Twitchell—whom the Astros had selected third overall in the 1966 Major League Baseball draft—kept the Astros at bay by commencing with a two-hit shutout through seven frames, including retiring 11 in succession. Twitchell's counterpart, J. R. Richard, had surrendered two runs and four bases on balls, whiffing eight through seven innings.[20]

In the eighth inning, José Cruz led off with a single, and Doug Rader ambushed the Phillies' defense with a bunt that allowed him to reach. With one out, Bob Watson pinch hit for Richard and singled up the middle to score Cruz, ending Twitchell's outing. Tug McGraw relieved Twitchell to face Greg Gross, for whom Johnson pinch hit. Johnson unloaded a double down the left field line that plated Rader, and an additional run scored on a misplayed relay throw to posit the Astros ahead to stay, 3–2. César Cedeño (intentional base on balls), Milt May and Enos Cabell (an RBI single each) all reached next. Hence, the Astros batted around to bring up Cruz with a 5–2 edge, who drew a walk to load the bases.[20]

June—July

On June 23, the Astros took a 6-run lead over the Los Angeles Dodgers. Wayne Granger pitched the final 2+2⁄3 innings; it was Granger's pickoff that ended the contest and secured a 6–5 win for the Astros.[21]

From June 25 until August 18, Greg Gross reached base in 52 games consecutively to tie Jimmy Wynn for the franchise record. During the streak, Gross produced a .345 batting average, .427 on-base percentage (OBP) and .414 slugging percentage (SLG), garnering 70 hits and 30 bases on balls (BB). Wynn first set the record from June 4–August 3, 1969. Gross' and Wynn's streak trailed the NL record by 6 games, held by Duke Snider, who reached base at least once each game from May 13–July 11, 1954, for the Brooklyn Dodgers.[22][23]

On July 21, the Astros induced four batted ground ball double plays by Joe Torre to establish an individual National League record[d][24] led by righty Ken Forsch on the mound for Houston at Shea Stadium, who tossed a complete game. Félix Millán, batting second and one slot ahead of Torre in the order, went 4-for-4, garnering a single each time, which resulted as the direct conversion into the lead out on each of Torre's dubious batting events. Forsch (4–7) went on to earn victory for Houston, as he dispersed 11 Mets hits, and withstood solo blasts from Rusty Staub and Dave Kingman. Roger Metzger tripled and had 2 RBI, while Wilbur Howard socked three hits and scored twice for Houston. The final score remained the Astros 6, and Mets 2.[25]

Rookie relief pitcher José Sosa produced a memorable first game at the plate on July 30 at the Astrodome. Taking first his major league at bat in the eighth inning, Sosa homered off Danny Frisella of the San Diego Padres, a three-run blast to lead an 8–4 Astros win. Sosa become both the first Dominican pitcher and first Houston Astro to accomplish this feat. Prior to him, José Cruz and Doug Rader also homered in the sixth inning, and Sosa closed out the final 1+2⁄3 innings with a scoreless effort and two strikeouts to covert his first major league save.[26][27] The next Astros player to hit a home run in his first at bat was Dave Matranga on June 27, 2003, who made a pinch hit appearance versus the Texas Rangers.[28]

August

During the nightcap of a doubleheader on August 3, José Cruz collected his first career four-hit contest. He added a pair of doubles and a pair of runs batted in (RBI).[29] Catcher Milt May homered, tripled and had five RBI. The Astros withstood a three-run San Francisco rally in the bottom of the eighth inning to hold on for a 10–9 triumph. Jim Crawford hurled 6+1⁄3 innings of relief for the win, while José Sosa earned his first hold.[30]

On August 10, though he yielded 10 walks to the Pittsburgh Pirates, J. R. Richard navigated six innings with just one hit and two runs surrendered to lead a 5–3 Astros win. With two hits, a double, run scored, and a stolen base, César Cedeño led the way for Houston's offense.[31]

Having performed to a major-league worst 47–80 (.370) showing, on August 19, Houston replaced incumbent skipper Preston Gómez with Bill Virdon. Less than three weeks earlier, on August 1, Virdon himself had been terminated by the New York Yankees, as New York sought out the potential of installing Billy Martin. During each of Virdon's first five contests as manager, Cliff Johnson launched a home run to lead to victories in three. Moreover, an exhibition game on August 21 opposing their Triple-A affiliate, the Iowa Oaks, featured another Johnson home run.[32]

José Cruz recorded his first career 5 RBI bout on August 23, also hitting a home run.[29] Meanwhile, Wilbur Howard registered his first career four-hit contest.[33]

On August 24, Cliff Johnson blasted a home run (15) for the fifth successive contest,[16] while Cruz netted his first career multi-home run game[29] to cap an 8–4 drubbing of the Chicago Cubs. Cruz went 3-for-5 with two home runs (7), one double, and five RBI. Bob Watson (16) also went deep. Larry Dierker (13–13) sailed to a complete game victory. Wilbur Howard heisted two bases (22).[34] Howard also garnered four safeties for the second consecutive game.[33]

The Astros commenced a series on August 25 at Busch Memorial Stadium against the second-place St. Louis Cardinals 69–59 (.539). Roger Metzger scored the tying run in the ninth inning, sending the game to extra innings. The teams exchanged runs in the tenth inning to repeat the tie, 3–3. With rain falling in the top of the 11th, Bob Gibson was inserted for St. Louis. Johnson pounced for a shot to left, going deep for the sixth consecutive game, and a 4–3 Astros lead. However, with two out in the bottom of the inning, the downpour grew too heavy to continue. The game was called, and due to the rules of the day, all activity of that inning was erased—including Johnson's home run that would have been second in NL history to Dale Long's eight consecutive games. Thus, the final outcome of the contest remained 3–3 in 10 innings, accounting for Houston's lone tie score of the campaign.[32]

Under Virdon, the Astros closed out the season with 17–17–1 (.500) performance.[32]

September

On September 8, César Cedeño notched three hits and connected for his sixth career multi-homer game while establishing a career-high 6 RBI,[35] to lead a 9–6 triumph in Atlanta. In the eighth, Cedeño's big fly from Bruce Dal Canton's offering plated the go-ahead run to stay. However, just 737 fans witnessed Cedeño's marvel of a performance.[16]

Performance overview

The Astros concluded the 1975 season in last place the NL West with a record of 64–97–1, 43+1⁄2 games behind the division- and World Series-champion Cincinnati Reds, and turned in the worst record in the National League.[36] The second time in franchise that the Astros had finished in last place, the 97 losses tied the 1965 team for most in team history, was equaled in 1991, and stood as the club record until 2011, when they lost 100 games for the first time. The Astros' .398 winning percentage established in 1975 a franchise-worst, and remained so until 2011. Having trailed the Reds by 43+1⁄2 games, this mark exceeded the 36+1⁄2 games behind the San Francisco Giants, the inaugural season of 1962. In 2013, they finished 45 games back.[2]

Future Astros management turned in excellent seasons. Former general manager Bob Watson hit for a team-leading .324 average, 157 hits and 85 RBI, while former manager Larry Dierker was the pitching staff leader with 14 wins.[37]

With 50 stolen bases, César Cedeño produced his fourth of a total of six campaigns in succession having attained that threshold, through 1977. Cedeño had been the only Astro through that point to have attained any 50-stolen base seasons.[e][38] Also, this was also the seventh of a franchise-record nine successive campaigns featuring at least one baserunner with 40 or more stolen bases.[f][39]

Also for the fourth consecutive campaign, Cedeño became a Gold Glove Award recipient at outfield. He and teammate Doug Rader, having won five times at third base from 1970 to 1974, were thus far Houston's only multiple winners. Also indicated was that this was the first campaign since 1971 the duo had failed to win the award together.[4]

Season standings

NL West
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
Cincinnati Reds 108 54 .667 — 64‍–‍17 44‍–‍37
Los Angeles Dodgers 88 74 .543 20 49‍–‍32 39‍–‍42
San Francisco Giants 80 81 .497 27½ 46‍–‍35 34‍–‍46
San Diego Padres 71 91 .438 37 38‍–‍43 33‍–‍48
Atlanta Braves 67 94 .416 40½ 37‍–‍43 30‍–‍51
Houston Astros 64 97 .398 43½ 37‍–‍44 27‍–‍53

Record vs. opponents

1975 National League record

Sources: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]
Team ATL CHC CIN HOU LAD MON NYM PHI PIT SD SF STL
Atlanta — 5–7 3–15 12–6 8–10 8–4 4–8 5–7 4–8 7–11 8–9 3–9
Chicago 7–5 — 1–11 7–5 5–7 9–9 7–11 12–6 6–12 5–7 5–7 11–7
Cincinnati 15–3 11–1 — 13–5 8–10 8–4 8–4 7–5 6–6 11–7 13–5 8–4
Houston 6–12 5–7 5–13 — 6–12 8–4 4–8 6–6 6–5 9–9 5–13 4–8–1
Los Angeles 10–8 7–5 10–8 12–6 — 5–7 6–6 7–5 5–7 11–7 10–8 5–7
Montreal 4–8 9–9 4–8 4–8 7–5 — 10–8 7–11 7–11 7–5 5–7 11–7
New York 8–4 11–7 4–8 8–4 6–6 8–10 — 7–11 5–13 8–4 8–4 9–9
Philadelphia 7-5 6–12 5–7 6–6 5–7 11–7 11–7 — 11–7 7–5 7–5 10–8
Pittsburgh 8–4 12–6 6–6 5–6 7–5 11–7 13–5 7–11 — 8–4 5–7 10–8
San Diego 11–7 7–5 7–11 9–9 7–11 5–7 4–8 5–7 4–8 — 8–10 4–8
San Francisco 9–8 7–5 5–13 13–5 8–10 7–5 4–8 5–7 7–5 10–8 — 5–7
St. Louis 9–3 7–11 4–8 8–4–1 7–5 7–11 9–9 8–10 8–10 8–4 7–5 —

Notable transactions

Roster

1975 Houston Astros
Roster
Pitchers Catchers

Infielders

Outfielders

Other batters

Manager

Coaches

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position

Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pos Player G AB H Avg. HR RBI
C Milt May 111 386 93 .241 4 52
1B Bob Watson 132 485 157 .324 18 85
2B Rob Andrews 103 277 66 .238 0 19
SS Roger Metzger 127 450 102 .227 2 26
3B Doug Rader 129 448 100 .223 12 48
LF Greg Gross 132 483 142 .294 0 41
CF César Cedeño 131 500 144 .288 13 63
RF José Cruz 120 315 81 .257 9 49

Other batters

Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Player G AB H Avg. HR RBI
Wilbur Howard 121 392 111 .283 0 21
Enos Cabell 117 348 92 .264 2 43
Cliff Johnson 122 340 94 .276 20 65
Ken Boswell 86 178 43 .242 0 21
Larry Milbourne 73 151 32 .212 1 9
Tommy Helms 64 135 28 .207 0 14
Jerry DaVanon 32 97 27 .278 1 10
Skip Jutze 51 93 21 .226 0 6
Art Gardner 13 31 6 .194 0 2
Rafael Batista 10 10 3 .300 0 0
Mike Easler 5 5 0 .000 0 0
Jesús de la Rosa 3 3 1 .333 0 0

Pitching

Starting pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G IP W L ERA SO
Larry Dierker 34 232.0 14 16 4.00 127
J.R. Richard 33 203.0 12 10 4.39 176
Dave Roberts 32 198.1 8 14 4.27 101
Doug Konieczny 32 171.0 6 13 4.47 89
Tom Griffin 17 79.1 3 8 5.33 56

Other pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G IP W L ERA SO
Ken Forsch 34 109.0 4 8 3.22 54
Jim York 19 46.2 4 4 3.86 17
Paul Siebert 7 18.1 0 2 2.95 6
Mike Stanton 7 17.1 0 2 7.27 16

Relief pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G W L SV ERA SO
Wayne Granger 55 2 5 5 3.65 30
Jim Crawford 44 3 5 4 3.63 37
Joe Niekro 40 6 4 4 3.07 54
Mike Cosgrove 32 1 2 5 3.03 32
José Sosa 25 1 3 1 4.02 31
Fred Scherman 16 0 1 0 4.96 13

Awards and achievements

Career honors
Don
Wilson
P
 
Retired April 13, 1975
Annual awards

Minor league system

See also: Minor League Baseball
Level Team League Manager
AAA Iowa Oaks American Association Joe Sparks
AA Columbus Astros Southern League Jim Beauchamp
A Dubuque Packers Midwest League Bob Cluck
Rookie Covington Astros Appalachian League Billy Smith

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Dierker retained the club record until surpassed by J. R. Richard, who became Houston's Opening Day starter the following year, and made his fifth consecutive in 1980.
  1. ^ From 1961–2003, The Sporting News declared one rookie position player and pitcher from each league, the NL and the American League (AL), for this award. Starting in 2004, this system was modified to selecting one rookie from each league for the award, regardless of position.
  2. ^ Major league debut.
  3. ^ Tom Burns holds the all-time Major League record with 3, on September 6, 1883, as a member of the Chicago White Stockings.
  4. ^ Tied Goose Goslin of the Detroit Tigers in the American League on April 28, 1934, for the Major League record.
  5. ^ For single seasons, playing for HOU, in the regular season, requiring stolen bases ≥ 50, sorted by descending stolen bases.
  6. ^ Number of players that meet criteria in a season, playing for HOU, in the regular season, requiring stolen bases ≥ 40, sorted by ascending instances.

References

  1. ^ "1974 National League team statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 2, 2026.
  2. ^ a b "Houston Astros team history & encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 10, 2025.
  3. ^ "César Cedeño stats, height, weight, research & history". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved March 2, 2026.
  4. ^ a b "National League Gold Glove Award winners". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference, LLC. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  5. ^ "Rookie Player of the Year Award". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved September 24, 2025.
  6. ^ "Wilson's death: monoxide". The New York Times. January 7, 1975. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  7. ^ a b Schupmann Hewitt, Jane. "José Cruz". Society for American Baseball Research (SABR). Retrieved November 16, 2025.
  8. ^ a b "Rob Andrews stats, height, weight, position, rookie status & more". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 10, 2025.
  9. ^ "Atlanta Braves (2) vs Houston Astros (6) box score". Baseball Almanac. April 7, 1975. Retrieved September 13, 2025.
  10. ^ "1975 Houston Astros uniform numbers". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 5, 2025.
  11. ^ a b "Atlanta Braves (2) vs Houston Astros (6) box score". Baseball-Reference.com. April 7, 1975. Retrieved November 15, 2025.
  12. ^ "Houston Astros Opening Day starters". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 15, 2025.
  13. ^ "Retired Numbers". Forever Astro. Archived from the original on July 11, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
  14. ^ a b "History: Houston Astros retired numbers". The Official Site of The Houston Astros. Archived from the original on October 15, 2007. Retrieved October 14, 2025.
  15. ^ Patches and Armbands at exhibits.baseballhalloffame.org, URL accessed November 27, 2009. Archived November 27, 2009
  16. ^ a b c Hulsey, Bob. "This date in Astros history". Astros Daily. Retrieved September 24, 2025.
  17. ^ Schwartzberg, Seth (May 25, 2025). "Today in Astros history - May 25". The Crawfish Boxes. SB Nation. Retrieved August 6, 2025.
  18. ^ Schwartzberg, Seth (May 31, 2025). "Today in Astros history - May 31". The Crawfish Boxes. SB Nation. Retrieved July 22, 2025.
  19. ^ "Extra base hits records". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved March 15, 2026.
  20. ^ a b Hulsey, Bob (May 31, 1975). "Astros drop dozen on Phils". Astros Daily. Retrieved March 15, 2026.
  21. ^ Schwarzberg, Seth (June 23, 2025). "Today in Astros history - June 23". The Crawfish Boxes. SB Nation. Retrieved June 24, 2025.
  22. ^ "NL on-base streak record". Stathead. Sports Reference, LLC. Retrieved September 30, 2025.
  23. ^ "Greg Gross 1975 batting game logs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved September 30, 2025.
  24. ^ "Grounding into double plays records". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
  25. ^ Knell, David (July 21, 1975). "Félix Millan hits four singles, and Joe Torre grounds into four double plays". Society for American Baseball Research (SABR). Retrieved February 8, 2026.
  26. ^ "Houston Astros 8, San Diego Padres 4". Retrosheet. July 30, 1975. Retrieved September 13, 2025.
  27. ^ "José Sosa 1975 batting game logs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved September 13, 2025.
  28. ^ "Texas Rangers (10) vs Houston Astros (7) box score". Baseball-Reference.com. June 27, 2003. Retrieved September 14, 2025.
  29. ^ a b c "Top performances for José Cruz". Retrosheet. Retrieved November 15, 2025.
  30. ^ "Houston Astros (10) vs San Francisco Giants (9) box score—Game 2". Baseball-Reference.com. August 3, 1975. Retrieved November 15, 2025.
  31. ^ "Houston Astros 5, Pittsburgh Pirates 3". Retrosheet. August 10, 1975. Retrieved October 24, 2025.
  32. ^ a b c Thornley, Stew (August 25, 1975). "The missing 11th inning, as Cardinals–Astros ends in a tie". Society for American Baseball Research (SABR). Retrieved November 16, 2025.
  33. ^ a b "Top performances for Wilbur Howard". Retrosheet. Retrieved March 2, 2026.
  34. ^ "Houston Astros (8) vs Chicago Cubs (4) box score". Baseball-Reference.com. August 24, 1975. Retrieved March 2, 2026.
  35. ^ "Top performances for César Cedeño". Retrosheet. Retrieved January 1, 2026.
  36. ^ "1975 National League team statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 16, 2025.
  37. ^ "Astros history – Timeline". MLB.com. Retrieved August 30, 2025.
  38. ^ "Player batting season & career stats finder–baseball". Stathead. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 16, 2026.
  39. ^ "Player batting season & career stats finder–baseball". Stathead. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 3, 2026.
  40. ^ "Kim Seaman stats, height, weight, position, rookie status & more". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 14, 2025.
  41. ^ "Don Wilson stats, height, weight, position, rookie status & more". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 14, 2025.
  42. ^ "Gold Glove outfielders in the National League". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved October 14, 2025.
  43. ^ McTaggart, Brian (December 21, 2009). "Bourn highlights Astros' awards season". MLB.com. Archived from the original on December 8, 2010. Retrieved October 14, 2025.
  44. ^ "MLB Player of the Month Award". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved October 10, 2025.
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