1966 Australian census

Seventh commonwealth census

30 June 1966 (1966-06-30)

General information
CountryCommonwealth of Australia
AuthorityBureau of Census and Statistics
Websiteabs.gov.au (1966)
Results
Total population11,550,462[1] ( 9.9%)
Most populous state or territoryNew South Wales (4,233,822)
Least populous state or territoryNorthern Territory (37,433)

The 1966 Australian census was the seventh national population census held in Australia and was conducted by the Bureau of Census and Statistics. The day used for the census, was taken on 30 June 1966. The total population of the Commonwealth of Australia was counted as 11,550,462 – an increase of 1,042,276 people or 9.92% over the 1961 census.[2][3]

Census results were released under statistician J. P. O'Neill in a series of three publications beginning in April 1967 with a summary of the population.[4]

Topics

Key topics in 1966 included:[5]

  • Age
  • Marital status
  • Birthplace
  • Religion
  • Race/Origin
  • Education (highest level of schooling)
  • Occupation
  • Industry
  • Housing details (dwelling type, material, and motor vehicles.)
  • Location

Population and dwellings

The population counts for Australian states and territories were that New South Wales remains the most populous state, with 4,233,822 people counted, ahead of Victoria (3,219,526) and Queensland (1,663,685). Australian Capital Territory (ACT) experienced the largest average annual growth rate of any state or territory over the past five years, with an average annual increase of 10.29% while Tasmania had the smallest growth at 1.18% since the 1961 census.[6] Persons count based on place of usual residence on Census night.[7]

States and territories[8] Males Females Total % change
since 1961
New South Wales 2,124,462 2,109,360 4,233,822 8.1%
Victoria 1,613,904 1,605,622 3,219,526 9.8%
Queensland 843,897 819,788 1,663,685 9.6%
Western Australia 426,691 409,982 836,673 12.0%
South Australia 548,530 543,345 1,091,875 12.2%
Tasmania 187,390 184,045 371,435 6.0%
Australian Capital Territory 49,977 46,036 96,013 63.2%
Northern Territory[a] 21,508 15,925 37,433 33.3%
Australia 5,816,359 5,734,103 11,550,462 9.9%

Age

Age 1966[9]
Number
    0–4 years 1,143,144
    5–9 years 1,162,896
    10–14 years 1,086,448
    15–19 years 1,048,226
    20–24 years 853,941
    25–29 years 746,065
    30–34 years 687,354
    35–39 years 764,562
    40–44 years 773,751
    45–49 years 677,672
    50–54 years 641,634
    55–59 years 543,016
    60–64 years 435,349
    65–69 years 356,396
    70–74 years 275,971
    75–79 years 196,387
    80–84 years 102,864
    85–89 years 41,621
    90–94 years 10,976
    95–99 years 2005
     100 and over 184
     Total 11,550,462

Single characteristics

Race

At the seventh Australian census in 1966 the population was self-enumeration. In the official sense, the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, which collected demographic data, defined the term "European" to "cover those ethnic or racial groups (e.g. Caucasian, Slavonic, Celtic, Latin) which have their origins in the countries of Europe while terms such as "Afghan", "Filipino", etc. cover those ethnic groups normally to be found in the countries of Afghanistan and the Philippines, etc.". The 1966 census enumeration of Aboriginals (full-blood) progressively made significant effort for those in contact and out of contact with population centres.[10]

Race[11] Population Percent (%)
European[12] 11,453,375 98.74
Non-European[13]
     Afghan 89 0.00
     Arab, Persian 1321 0.01
     Asiatic Jew 243 0.00
     Asiatic 2636 0.02
     African 601 0.00
     Australian Aboriginal[14] 80,207 0.69
     Chinese 26,723 0.23
     Sinhalese, Burgher, Tamil 1,679 0.01
     Egyptian 425 0.00
     Fijian 257 0.00
     Filipino 765 0.00
     Indian, Pakistani 4,411 0.03
     Indonesian, Javanese, Timorese, etc. 818 0.00
     Japanese 3,573 0.03
     Malay 1,749 0.01
     Māori 862 0.00
     Negro 102 0.00
     Pacific Islander 3,005 0.02
     Papuan, New Guinean 502 0.00
     Siamese, Thailander 562 0.00
     Syrian, Lebanese, New Guinean 4,855 0.04
     Torres Strait Islander 5,403 0.04
     Other and indefinite 523 0.00
     Mixed blood[15] 4,812 0.04
     Total non-European[16] 146,123 1.26
Grand total 11,599,498 100.0

Religion

Population by religious affiliation according to the 1966 census results.

Religion[17] 1966 census
Number Percent (%)
Christian 10,205,038 88.35
    Church of England 3,877,473 33.57
    Presbyterians 1,043,570 9.03
    Methodists 1,124,310 9.73
    Baptist 165,487 1.43
    Congregational 76,588 0.66
    Lutheran 177,324 1.53
    Church of Christ 102,545 0.88
    Orthodox 255,493 2.21
    Brethren 15,516 0.13
    Salvation Army 56,501 0.48
    Seventh-day Adventist 37,617 0.32
     Protestant (undefined) 105,223 0.91
    Roman Catholic 1,103,969 9.56
     Catholic 1,932,161 16.73
     Other (including Christian undefined) 131,261 1.14
Non-Christian 76,383 0.66
    Hebrew 63,271 0.54
     Others 13,112 0.11
Indefinite 36,050 0.31
No religion 94,091 0.81
No reply 1,138,900 9.86
Grand total 11,550,462 100.0

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The Northern Territory since 1911 used the Australian National Flag (the Blue Ensign) and did not adopt its own flag until 1978.

References

  1. ^ "CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING, 30 JUNE 1966 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PART 1. GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION" (PDF). ausstats.abs.gov.au. 1973. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  2. ^ "Census of the Commonwealth of Australia, 1966" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 1970. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  3. ^ "CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING, 30 JUNE 1966 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PART 1. GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION" (PDF). ausstats.abs.gov.au. 1973. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  4. ^ "1966 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING PUBLICATIONS issued by the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics" (PDF). ausstats.abs.gov.au. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  5. ^ "CENSUS, 30th JUNE, 1966 HOUSEHOLDER'S SCHEDULE" (PDF). Retrieved 26 February 2026.
  6. ^ "Volume I - POPULATION - Single Characteristics - Part 1 Age" (PDF). censusdata.abs.gov.au. 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  7. ^ "CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING, 30 JUNE 1966 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PART 1. GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION" (PDF). ausstats.abs.gov.au. 1973. p. 10. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  8. ^ "Volume I - POPULATION - Single Characteristics - Part 1 Age" (PDF). censusdata.abs.gov.au. 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  9. ^ "Volume I - POPULATION - Single Characteristics - Part 1 Age" (PDF). censusdata.abs.gov.au. 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2026.
  10. ^ "CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING, 30 JUNE 1966 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA VOLUME 1 POPULATION: SINGLE CHARACTERISTICS PART 11. RACE" (PDF). COMMONWEALTH BUREAU OF CENSUS AND STATISTICS. 1971. p. 11. Retrieved 25 February 2026.
  11. ^ "CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING, 30 JUNE 1966 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA VOLUME 1 POPULATION: SINGLE CHARACTERISTICS PART 11. RACE" (PDF). COMMONWEALTH BUREAU OF CENSUS AND STATISTICS. 1971. Retrieved 25 February 2026.
  12. ^ Persons of over 50 per cent European race.
  13. ^ Persons of more than 50 per cent of the race specified, or of 50 per cent of the race specified and 50 per cent European.
  14. ^ The figures in this bulletin relate to those persons who described them-selves in the 1966 Census as being 50 per cent or more Aboriginal or simply as "Aboriginal"."CENSUS OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA 30 JUNE 1966 THE ABORIGINAL POPULATION OF AUSTRALIA" (PDF). COMMONWEALTH BUREAU OF CENSUS AND STATISTICS. Retrieved 26 February 2026.
  15. ^ Persons of three or more races where no race represents more than 50 per cent or persons of two non- European races each of which represents 50 per cent.
  16. ^ Persons of more than 50 per cent of the race specified, or of 50 per cent of the race specified and 50 per cent European.
  17. ^ "CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING, 30 JUNE 1966 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PART 7. RELIGION" (PDF). ausstats.abs.gov.au. 1970. Retrieved 7 February 2026.