Aden Revolt
| Aden Revolt | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Ottoman Empire | Aden rebels | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Piri Reis |
Suleyman † Mohammed | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
The Aden revolt of 1548 was a rebellion against Ottoman rule in Yemen, that was suppressed after Ottoman forces under Piri Reis arrived on 26 February 1548.[1]
Background
Aden had already been captured by the Ottomans for Suleiman the Magnificent in 1538 by Hadim Suleiman Pasha, in order to provide an Ottoman base for raids against Portuguese possessions on the western coast of India.[2] Sailing on to India, the Ottomans failed against the Portuguese at the Siege of Diu in September 1538, but then returned to Aden where they fortified the city with 100 pieces of artillery.[2][3] From this base, Sulayman Pasha sought to take control of the whole country of Yemen, also taking Sanaa.[2]
In 1547, Aden arose against the Ottomans however and invited the Portuguese instead, so that the Portuguese were in control of the city.[4]
The Revolt
The ruler of Campar Suleyman Ali bin Suleyman al-Tawlaki seized the city of Aden from the Ottomans and as they now threatened him, he sought the support of the Portuguese at Hormuz, offering to submit to the king of Portugal, John III.[5] The Portuguese captain of Hormuz dispatched three small ships with men and supplies, commanded by Dom Payo de Noronha, who was well received by Suleyman.[5] He surrendered the city and fortress to the Portuguese, on the understanding that they would protect him and help against the Ottomans.[5] As Dom Payo had only a small force at his disposal, he sent one of his ships back to Hormuz to ask for reinforcements.[5]
Ali bin Suleyman al-Tawlaki who was a local chieftain fought the Ottoman navy of 60 ships of various sizes which arrived on 15 November 1547 until he died, then he was succeeded by his son, Mohammed. However, the Portuguese were forced to retreat to Zeila, where 120 sailors were captured, and their ships were burned. Eventually, the Ottomans managed to win and the city was recaptured by Piri Reis on 26 February 1548.[6]
See also
Notes
- ^ Ezel Kural Shaw (29 October 1976). History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey. pp. 106–107. ISBN 9780521291637.
- ^ a b c The history of Aden, 1839-72 by Zaka Hanna Kour p. 2
- ^ Halil İnalcik (May 1997). An economic and social history of the Ottoman Empire. p. 326. ISBN 9780521574563.
- ^ R. B. Serjeant, The Portuguese off the South Arabian Coast, Hadrami Chronicles, Oxford, 1963, p. 20.
- ^ a b c d Frederick Charles Danvers: The Portuguese in India, volume 1, 1894, W. H. Allen & Co., London, p. 182.
- ^ Ertuğrul Önalp (12 December 2013). "Pîrî Reis'in Hürmüz Seferi ve İdamı Hakkındaki Türk ve Portekiz Tarihçilerinin Düşünceleri" [The Military Expedition of Piri Reis to Hormuz and the Considerations of Turkish and Portuguese Historians About his Execution] (PDF) (in Turkish). p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2020.